-Because PortFast can be enabled on nontrunking ports connecting two switches, spanning tree loops can occur because BPDUs are still being transmitted and received on those ports. The PortFast BPDU guard feature prevents loops by moving a nontrunking port into an errdisable state when a BPDU is received on that port.
-By default, spanning tree sends BPDUs from all ports regardless of whether PortFast is enabled. BDPU filtering is on a per-switch basis; after you enable BPDU filtering, it applies to all PortFast-enabled ports on the switch.
-The loop guard feature checks if a root port or an alternate root port receives BPDUs. If the port is receiving BPDUs, the loop guard feature puts the port into an inconsistent state until it starts receiving BPDUs again. Loop guard isolates the failure and lets spanning tree converge to a stable topology without the failed link or bridge.
You can enable loop guard on a per-port basis with the spanning-tree guard loop command
*UP linkfast - for direct falures. Cisco specific feature Configured in globle mode with "spanning-tree uplinkfast" - puts port into farwarding state immediately, thus violating standard STP procedures. this can cause the CAM to no longer by accurite- in order to solve this the switch all flood frames with source addresses from it's CAM table and a multicast destin add to insure the frame reaches all the CAM table in the network.
*backbone fast - for indirect falures, Cisco specific feature. Configured in globle mode with "spannint-tree backbonefast". Detect indirect falures by tracking the inferior BPDU that a switch will sent out when it have a direct link failure to a root. When the swicth with the Direct failure sent it BPDU it it's BID as the root the receiving switch know there is a better root still out there.
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