VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) enables a group of routers to form a single virtual router. The LAN clients can then be configured with the virtual router as their default gateway. Can use a type of load sharing with additional configuration. Is open standard (RFC 2338). It's MAC is 0000.5E00.01XX xx = the group id in HEX. It can use ether a virtual IP (like HSRP uses) OR a actual IP of the primary router (or layer 3 Sw). Has two types, Master which is forwarding traffic, and Backup which is listening for hellos from the master on 224.0.0.18. If an actual IP address is being used than that router is the Master, otherwise the router with the highest priority wins. Hellos are sent out every 1 sec by default by the Master. Backups will wait a "master down interval" before an election is held to see who has the next highest priority, and become the Master. If the original Master (or a router with a higher priority) comes up, it will immediately become master. The "master down interval" is 3x the hello + the skew time. The Skew time is (256-priority) / 256 which is the priority. If there is a tie by priority then the router with the highest IP address wins.
To configure VRRP
int vlan 2
ip add x.x.x.x s.s.s.s
VRRP 1 ip x.xx.x
xVrrp descripsion For Vlan 2
xVrrp 1 priorty 175
xVrrp 1 timer advertise 5
xVrrp 1 timers learn (on Backups to learn hello timer from Master)
xVrrp 1 preempt (delay)
xVrrp track 1 decrement 10 (the int to track in config in globle config#track 1 int f0/0 ip or line)
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